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U+C5F4, 열
HANGUL SYLLABLE YEOL
Composition: + +

[U+C5F3]
Hangul Syllables
[U+C5F5]




에 ←→ 예

Jeju

[edit]
Jeju numbers (edit)
 ←  1 [a], [b] ←  9 10 11  →  20  → [a], [b], [c], [d]
1
    Native isol.: (yeol)
    Native attr.: (yeol)
    Sino: (sip)
    Ordinal: 열체 (yeolche)
    Number of days: 열흘 (yeolheul)

Etymology

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From Middle Korean 엻〮 (yélh), from earlier Old Korean 十尸 (*YEl).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yeol
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yeol
Yale Romanization?yel

Numeral

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(yeol)

  1. (native numeral) ten
    Synonym: (Sino-Korean) (sip)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 엻〮 (Yale: yélh), from earlier Old Korean 十尸 (*YEl).

Korean numbers (edit)
 ←  1  ←  9 10 11  →  20  → 
1
    Native isol.: (yeol)
    Native attr.: (yeol)
    Sino-Korean: (sip)
    Hanja:
    Ordinal: 열째 (yeoljjae)

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yeol
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yeol
McCune–Reischauer?yŏl
Yale Romanization?yel
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: / /

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable.

Numeral

[edit]

(yeol)

  1. (native numeral) ten
    Synonym: 십(十) (sip, ten, Sino-Korean numeral)
Usage notes
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In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

  • 반(班) (se ban, three school classes, native numeral)
  • 반(班) (sam ban, Class Number Three, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

  • 하나 주세 (hana-man deo juse-yo, Could you give me just one more, please, native numeral)
  • 더하기 ? (il deohagi ir-eun?, What's one plus one?, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

Etymology 2

[edit]

Sino-Korean word from , from the Middle Korean reading ᅀᅧᆯ〮 (Yale: zyél).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yeol
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yeol
McCune–Reischauer?yŏl
Yale Romanization?yel

Noun

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(yeol) (hanja )

  1. fever
  2. heat
  3. passion
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Sino-Korean word from , from the Middle Korean reading 렬〮 (Yale: lyél).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?yeol
Revised Romanization (translit.)?yeol
McCune–Reischauer?yŏl
Yale Romanization?yel

Noun

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South Korean
Standard Language
열(列) (yeol)
North Korean
Standard Language
렬(列) (ryeol)

(yeol) (hanja )

  1. line, row
  2. (military) file; column of troops, one behind the other
    Coordinate term: 오(伍) (o, rank)
Derived terms
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Derived terms with native elements: