Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯.nɑz/

Numeral

Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers

	1	2  >
Cardinal : *ainaz     Ordinal : *frumô     Adverbial : *ainas     Multiplier : *ainafalþaz

*ainaz

1. (in the singular) one
2. (in the plural) some

Inflection

Declension of *ainaz (a-stem, strong only)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*ainaz	*ainai	*ainō	*ainôz	*ainą, *-at(ō)	*ainō
accusative	*ainanǭ	*ainanz	*ainǭ	*ainōz	*ainą, *-at(ō)	*ainō
genitive	*ainas, *ainis	*ainaizǫ̂	*ainaizōz	*ainaizǫ̂	*ainas, *ainis	*ainaizǫ̂
dative	*ainammai	*ainaimaz	*ainaizōi	*ainaimaz	*ainammai	*ainaimaz
instrumental	*ainanō	*ainaimiz	*ainaizō	*ainaimiz	*ainanō	*ainaimiz

Derived terms

• *ainaburanaz
• *ainafalþaz
• *ainagaz
• *ainahandijaz
• *ainaharduz
• *ainahlaupiz
• *ainanahtijaz
• *aināną
• *ainarēdaz
• *ainaugijaz
• *ainawīgiją

 

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *ain
  • Old English: ān
    • Middle English: oon, on, one, oen, oune, hon, none, an, anne, onne; an, ane, auen, aune; auen, aune; enne, onen, onenen; en, an, ane; won, von, wone; on, one; an; an, ane
      • English: one, an, a, yan (dialectal)
      • Geordie English: yen
      • Scots: ane, wan, yin, ae
      • Yola: oan, own, ane
  • Old Frisian: ēn, ān; een
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr-Amrum:

      Föhr: een m, ian f or n

      Amrum: ään m, ian f or n

      Goesharde:

      Hoolmer: åån m, iin f or n

      Hoorninger: aan m, iin f or n

      Halligen: aon m, ian f or n

      Heligoland: iaan, jaan

      Mooring: ån m, iinj f or n

      Sylt: jen

      Wiedingharde: oan m, iin f or n

    • Saterland Frisian: aan m, een f or n
    • West Frisian: ien
  • Old Saxon: ēn
    • Middle Low German: ên, ein
      • Low German:
        • German Low German: een (Hamburgisch)
        • Westphalian:

          Lippisch: eun

          Ravensbergisch: åine

          Sauerländisch: ên

          Westmünsterländisch: een, eene, ne

      • Plautdietsch: een
  • Old Dutch: ēn
    • Middle Dutch: êen
      • Dutch: een
        • Afrikaans: een, 'n
      • West Flemish: ien, jin
    • Limburgish: ein
  • Old High German: ein, ain
    • Middle High German: ein
      • Alemannic German: ain, äin, a, an, en
      • Bavarian: a

        Cimbrian: a, an (“a, an”); òan, umm (“one”)

        Mòcheno: a (“a, an”); oa' (“one”)

      • Central Franconian: ne (Ripuarian)

        Ripuarian: ne

      • East Central German: ä, e
      • German: ein
      • Luxembourgish: een
      • Rhine Franconian: e (Hessian)
      • Yiddish: איין (eyn), אַ (a), אַן (an)
• Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (*ainaʀ)
  • ⇒ Proto-Norse: *ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*ainalaibaʀ)
  • Old Norse: einn
    • Icelandic: einn
    • Faroese: ein
    • Norn: en
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: ein
    • Dalecarlian: jenn
      • Elfdalian: ᛁᛆᚿ (ien)
    • Old Swedish: ēn
      • Swedish: en
    • Old Danish:
      • Danish: en
        • Norwegian Bokmål: en
      • Scanian: æn, én
    • Gutnish: en, ann, h'en
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains)