Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ampraz
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Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *amrós (probably *h₂h₃mrós;[1] see *h₂eh₃mós). Cognate to Sanskrit अम्ल (amlá, “sour; wood-sorrel”) and Latin amārus (“bitter”).[2] Kroonen, skeptical, compares Semitic (e.g. Hebrew מַר (mar, “bitter”)).[3]
Adjective
[edit]*ampraz[3]
Inflection
[edit]Declension of *ampraz (a-stem)
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *ampraz | *amprai | *amprō | *amprôz | *amprą, -atō | *amprō |
Accusative | *ampranǭ | *ampranz | *amprǭ | *amprōz | *amprą, -atō | *amprō |
Genitive | *ampras, -is | *ampraizǫ̂ | *ampraizōz | *ampraizǫ̂ | *ampras, -is | *ampraizǫ̂ |
Dative | *amprammai | *ampraimaz | *ampraizōi | *ampraimaz | *amprammai | *ampraimaz |
Instrumental | *ampranō | *ampraimiz | *ampraizō | *ampraimiz | *ampranō | *ampraimiz |
Weak declension | ||||||
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *amprô | *ampraniz | *amprǭ | *amprōniz | *amprô | *amprōnō |
Accusative | *ampranų | *ampranunz | *amprōnų | *amprōnunz | *amprô | *amprōnō |
Genitive | *ampriniz | *ampranǫ̂ | *amprōniz | *amprōnǫ̂ | *ampriniz | *ampranǫ̂ |
Dative | *amprini | *amprammaz | *amprōni | *amprōmaz | *amprini | *amprammaz |
Instrumental | *amprinē | *amprammiz | *amprōnē | *amprōmiz | *amprinē | *amprammiz |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-West Germanic: *ampr
- Old Norse: apr (< *appr < *amp-) (descendants may be influenced by Low German)
References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “amārus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 37
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Ampfer”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ampra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25