Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/toku

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

• *tokïgu (if from *tokï-)

Etymology

Probably related with the verb *tokï- (“to weave”). Also perhaps cognate with Proto-Tungusic *toxa-n (“button, buckle”), compare Nanai тохон (tohon). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*toku

1. buckle, belt clasp

Declension

Declension of *toku

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*toku
Accusative	*tokunï, *tokug 4), *tokunïg 1)
Genitive	*tokunïŋ
Dative	*tokuka
Locative	*tokuda
Ablative	*tokudan
Allative	*tokugaru
Instrumental 2)	*tokun
Equative 2)	*tokuča
Similative 2)	*tokulayu
Comitative 2)	*tokulugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: [script needed] (tъʷɣa)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Azerbaijani: toqqa
    • Ottoman Turkish: طوقه (toka)
      • → Macedonian: тока (toka)
      • Turkish: toka
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: toqa
• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: to‘qa
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: тоға (toğa)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*toku”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill