abroutir
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French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]abroutir
- (transitive, agriculture, obsolete) to eat the young shoots of or off
- 1885, Octave Mirbeau, “Ma Chaumière”, in Lettres de ma chaumière:
- […] , et les troupeaux de moutons […] grimpent aux talus abroutis, sous la garde du chien pasteur. — and the sheep herds climb up the overgrazed slopes under the guard of the herding dog.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of abroutir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | abroutir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | abroutissant /a.bʁu.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | abrouti /a.bʁu.ti/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abroutis /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutis /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutit /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutissons /a.bʁu.ti.sɔ̃/ |
abroutissez /a.bʁu.ti.se/ |
abroutissent /a.bʁu.tis/ |
| imperfect | abroutissais /a.bʁu.ti.sɛ/ |
abroutissais /a.bʁu.ti.sɛ/ |
abroutissait /a.bʁu.ti.sɛ/ |
abroutissions /a.bʁu.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abroutissiez /a.bʁu.ti.sje/ |
abroutissaient /a.bʁu.ti.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | abroutis /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutis /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutit /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutîmes /a.bʁu.tim/ |
abroutîtes /a.bʁu.tit/ |
abroutirent /a.bʁu.tiʁ/ | |
| future | abroutirai /a.bʁu.ti.ʁe/ |
abroutiras /a.bʁu.ti.ʁa/ |
abroutira /a.bʁu.ti.ʁa/ |
abroutirons /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
abroutirez /a.bʁu.ti.ʁe/ |
abroutiront /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | abroutirais /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abroutirais /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abroutirait /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abroutirions /a.bʁu.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
abroutiriez /a.bʁu.ti.ʁje/ |
abroutiraient /a.bʁu.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abroutisse /a.bʁu.tis/ |
abroutisses /a.bʁu.tis/ |
abroutisse /a.bʁu.tis/ |
abroutissions /a.bʁu.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abroutissiez /a.bʁu.ti.sje/ |
abroutissent /a.bʁu.tis/ |
| imperfect2 | abroutisse /a.bʁu.tis/ |
abroutisses /a.bʁu.tis/ |
abroutît /a.bʁu.ti/ |
abroutissions /a.bʁu.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abroutissiez /a.bʁu.ti.sje/ |
abroutissent /a.bʁu.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abroutis /a.bʁu.ti/ |
— | abroutissons /a.bʁu.ti.sɔ̃/ |
abroutissez /a.bʁu.ti.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “abroutir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.