cawl

See also: ċawl

English

WOTD – 1 March 2021

Etymology 1

A bowl of cawl.

Borrowed from Welsh cawl, itself borrowed from Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l, *kh₂ulós, or *kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”). The English word is a doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /kaʊl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (Mid-Ulster) IPA^(key): /kəʉl/
• Homophone: cowl
• Rhymes: -aʊl

Noun

cawl (countable and uncountable, plural cawls)

1. A traditional Welsh soup, typically made with beef, lamb, or salted bacon with carrot, leeks, potatoes, swedes, and other seasonal vegetables.

Translations

traditional Welsh soup

• Welsh: cawl Cymreig m

Etymology 2

A variant of caul.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɔːl/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɔl/
• Homophone: call

Noun

cawl (plural cawls)

1. Alternative spelling of caul (“a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head”)

Further reading

• cawl on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• claw

Old English

Alternative forms

• cāwel, cāuuel, cāul, cēawl, cēaul, cōuel, cēaol

Etymology

From Latin *cavallum, from cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑːwl/

Noun

cāwl m

1. basket
   • Lindisfarne Gospels, gloss on Mark 6: 43:

     et sustulerunt reliquias fragmentorum duodecim cophinos plenos et de piscibus / & genomon ða hlafo ðara screadunga tuoelf ceaulas fulle & of fiscum

     and then they took up twelve baskets full of the remains of the bread and the fish.

Declension

Declension of cawl (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	cāwl	cāwlas
accusative	cāwl	cāwlas
genitive	cāwles	cāwla
dative	cāwle	cāwlum

Descendants

• Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle
  • English: caul
  • Scots: kelle, kell

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kau̯l/

Noun

cawl m (diminutive cawlen)

1. soup, pottage, broth; gruel
   1. (figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess
2. cabbage, colewort, potherbs

Synonyms

• potes

Descendants

• → English: cawl

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cawl	gawl	nghawl	chawl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cawl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yola

Noun

cawl

1. Alternative form of caule
   • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

     Pa cawl.

     Upon the horse.

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 60