croitre
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See also: croître
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]croitre
Conjugation
[edit]This verb takes an especially irregular conjugation, taking circumflexes in many forms, so as to distinguish from the forms of the verb croire.
Conjugation of croitre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | croitre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | croissant /kʁwa.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | crû /kʁy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | croîs /kʁwa/ |
croîs /kʁwa/ |
croît /kʁwa/ |
croissons /kʁwa.sɔ̃/ |
croissez /kʁwa.se/ |
croissent /kʁwas/ |
| imperfect | croissais /kʁwa.sɛ/ |
croissais /kʁwa.sɛ/ |
croissait /kʁwa.sɛ/ |
croissions /kʁwa.sjɔ̃/ |
croissiez /kʁwa.sje/ |
croissaient /kʁwa.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | crûs /kʁy/ |
crûs /kʁy/ |
crût /kʁy/ |
crûmes /kʁym/ |
crûtes /kʁyt/ |
crûrent /kʁyʁ/ | |
| future | croitrai /kʁwa.tʁe/ |
croitras /kʁwa.tʁa/ |
croitra /kʁwa.tʁa/ |
croitrons /kʁwa.tʁɔ̃/ |
croitrez /kʁwa.tʁe/ |
croitront /kʁwa.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | croitrais /kʁwa.tʁɛ/ |
croitrais /kʁwa.tʁɛ/ |
croitrait /kʁwa.tʁɛ/ |
croitrions /kʁwa.tʁi.jɔ̃/ |
croitriez /kʁwa.tʁi.je/ |
croitraient /kʁwa.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | croisse /kʁwas/ |
croisses /kʁwas/ |
croisse /kʁwas/ |
croissions /kʁwa.sjɔ̃/ |
croissiez /kʁwa.sje/ |
croissent /kʁwas/ |
| imperfect2 | crûsse /kʁys/ |
crûsses /kʁys/ |
crût /kʁy/ |
crûssions /kʁy.sjɔ̃/ |
crûssiez /kʁy.sje/ |
crûssent /kʁys/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | croîs /kʁwa/ |
— | croissons /kʁwa.sɔ̃/ |
croissez /kʁwa.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “croitre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.