dún
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "dun"
Icelandic
[edit]Noun
[edit]dún
Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish dún, from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”).
Noun
[edit]dún m (genitive singular dúin or dúna, nominative plural dúnta or dúna or dúinte)
Declension
[edit]Declension of dún
- Alternative declension
Declension of dún
Alternative plural: dúinte
Derived terms
[edit]- dún Dé (“God's house, heaven”)
- Dún Dealgan (“Dundalk”)
- Dún Éideann (“Edinburgh”)
- dún long (“haven for ships”)
- urdhún (“bastion”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Irish dúnaid, dúinid (“shuts, closes; blocks, obstructs; joins, clasps; closes, ends”).
Verb
[edit]dún (present analytic dúnann, future analytic dúnfaidh, verbal noun dúnadh, past participle dúnta)
- (transitive, intransitive) close, shut
- Synonym: (Ulster) druid
- (transitive, intransitive) draw together; secure, fasten
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of dún (first conjugation – A)
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Alternative forms
[edit]- dúin (Cois Fharraige)
Mutation
[edit]Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
dún | dhún | ndún |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dún”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dún”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dúnaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 73
Old Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”).
Noun
[edit]dún n (genitive dúin or dúine, nominative plural dúna or dúine)
Inflection
[edit]Neuter o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | dúnN | dúnN | dúnL, dúna |
Vocative | dúnN | dúnN | dúnL, dúna |
Accusative | dúnN | dúnN | dúnL, dúna |
Genitive | dúinL | dún | dúnN |
Dative | dúnL | dúnaib | dúnaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Neuter s-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | dúnN | dúnN | dúineL |
Vocative | dúnN | dúnN | dúineL |
Accusative | dúnN | dúnN | dúineL |
Genitive | dúineL | dúine | dúineN |
Dative | dúinL | dúinib | dúinib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]dún
- Alternative spelling of dúnn
Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
dún | dún pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndún |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dún”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
West Frisian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Frisian *dūn, dūne, borrowed from Middle Dutch dune, from Old Dutch dūn, dūno, from Proto-West Germanic *dūnā.
Noun
[edit]dún c (plural dunen, diminutive dúntsje)
Further reading
[edit]- “dún (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Categories:
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic noun forms
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish first-declension nouns
- Irish third-declension nouns
- Irish verbs
- Irish transitive verbs
- Irish intransitive verbs
- Irish first-conjugation verbs of class A
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish neuter nouns
- Old Irish neuter o-stem nouns
- Old Irish s-stem nouns
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish prepositional pronouns
- West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- West Frisian terms derived from Old Dutch
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- West Frisian lemmas
- West Frisian nouns
- West Frisian common-gender nouns