heikko
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown. Related to Ingrian heikko and probably Veps heikembāńe (“weaker”) (South Veps), although such a word is barely attested.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]heikko (comparative heikompi, superlative heikoin)
- weak, delicate (unable to sustain a great weight, pressure, or strain)
- weak, feeble, frail, faint (lacking in force, strength or ability)
- weak, slight, meager (lacking in taste, potency or severity)
- weak (unable to withstand temptation, urgency, persuasion, etc.)
- weak, frail, infirm (not in good health)
- weak (lacking in vigour or expression)
- faint (barely perceptible)
- poor, bad (of low or poor quality)
- meagre, scant, deficient, of little means, slender
- light, slight, gentle (not forceful or intense)
- (grammar) weak (lenis, of a grade in consonant gradation)
- (grammar) weak (inflecting in a different and usually more regular manner than the one called strong, such as Germanic verbs)
Declension
[edit]Inflection of heikko (Kotus type 1*A/valo, kk-k gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | heikko | heikot | |
genitive | heikon | heikkojen | |
partitive | heikkoa | heikkoja | |
illative | heikkoon | heikkoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | heikko | heikot | |
accusative | nom. | heikko | heikot |
gen. | heikon | ||
genitive | heikon | heikkojen | |
partitive | heikkoa | heikkoja | |
inessive | heikossa | heikoissa | |
elative | heikosta | heikoista | |
illative | heikkoon | heikkoihin | |
adessive | heikolla | heikoilla | |
ablative | heikolta | heikoilta | |
allative | heikolle | heikoille | |
essive | heikkona | heikkoina | |
translative | heikoksi | heikoiksi | |
abessive | heikotta | heikoitta | |
instructive | — | heikoin | |
comitative | — | heikkoine |
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
- heikkohermoinen
- heikkojännite
- heikkokasvuinen
- heikkokuuloinen
- heikkolaatuinen
- heikkolahjainen
- heikkoluonteinen
- heikkomielinen
- heikkonäköinen
- heikko-osainen
- heikkopäinen
- heikkorakenteinen
- heikkotahtoinen
- heikkotasoinen
- heikkotehoinen
- heikkouskoinen
- heikkovaloinen
- heikkoverinen
- heikkovirta
- heikkovirtatekniikka
- heikkovoima
- heikkovoimainen
- hermoheikko
- sähköheikko
- vanhuudenheikko
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ Sofia Björklöf (2020) “Mutual contacts and lexical relations among the Finnic varieties of western Ingria and northeastern Estonia”, in Multilingual Finnic – Language contact and change (Uralica Helsingiensia; 14) (overall work in English), Société Finno-Ougrienne, →ISBN, pages 123–124
Further reading
[edit]- “heikko”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic [Term?]. Cognates include Finnish heikko and Karelian heikko.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhei̯kːo/, [ˈhe̞i̯kːŏ̞̥]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhei̯kːo/, [ˈhe̞i̯kːo̞]
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈhei̯kːo/, [ˈhe̞i̯kːo̞]
- Rhymes: -ei̯kːo
- Hyphenation: heik‧ko
Adjective
[edit]heikko (comparative heikomp)
Declension
[edit]Declension of heikko (type 4/koivu, kk-k gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | heikko | heikot |
genitive | heikon | heikkoin, heikkoloin |
partitive | heikkoa | heikkoja, heikkoloja |
illative | heikkoo | heikkoi, heikkoloihe |
inessive | heikoos | heikois, heikkolois |
elative | heikost | heikoist, heikkoloist |
allative | heikolle | heikoille, heikkoloille |
adessive | heikool | heikoil, heikkoloil |
ablative | heikolt | heikoilt, heikkoloilt |
translative | heikoks | heikoiks, heikkoloiks |
essive | heikkonna, heikkoon | heikkoinna, heikkoloinna, heikkoin, heikkoloin |
exessive1) | heikkont | heikkoint, heikkoloint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 54
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 34
Karelian
[edit]Adjective
[edit]heikko
Categories:
- Finnish terms with unknown etymologies
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/eikːo
- Rhymes:Finnish/eikːo/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adjectives
- fi:Grammar
- Finnish valo-type nominals
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kːo
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ei̯kːo/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian adjectives
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian adjectives