From kin + -ship.
kinship (countable and uncountable, plural kinships)
- relation or connection by blood, marriage or adoption
- relation or connection by nature or character
1951 November, David R. Webb, “The Drummond 4-4-0 Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 774:The first of these were the ten engines of class "C8", Nos.290-299, which had a very strong kinship to the C.R. "Carbrooks".
relation or connection by blood, marriage or adoption
- Arabic: قَرَابَة f (qarāba)
- Armenian: ազգակցություն (hy) (azgakcʻutʻyun)
- Belarusian: ро́днасць f (ródnascʹ), ро́днасьць f (ródnasʹcʹ), свая́цтва n (svajáctva)
- Bulgarian: ро́дство (bg) n (ródstvo), родни́нство n (rodnínstvo)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 親屬關係／亲属关系 (qīnshǔ guānxì), 血緣／血缘 (zh) (xuèyuán), 親屬／亲属 (zh) (qīnshǔ)
- Cimbrian: bròintekhot f
- Czech: příbuznost f, příbuzenství n
- Danish: slægtskab n, slægt c
- Dutch: verwantschap (nl) f
- Esperanto: parenceco
- Estonian: sugulussuhted pl
- Finnish: sukulaisuus (fi), sukulaisuussuhde (fi)
- French: parenté (fr) f
- Georgian: ნათესაობა (natesaoba)
- German: Verwandtschaft (de) f
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰 f (sibja)
- Greek: συγγένεια (el) f (syngéneia)
- Ancient Greek: συγγένειᾰ f (sungéneia)
- Hungarian: rokonság (hu)
- Italian: parentela (it) f
- Japanese: 血族関係 (けつぞくかんけい, ketsuzoku kankei), 血縁 (ja) (けつえん, ketsuen, けちえん, kechien), 親族 (ja) (しんぞく, shinzoku)
- Korean: 친족 관계(親族關係) (chinjok gwan'gye), 혈연(血緣) (ko) (hyeoryeon), 친족(親族) (ko) (chinjok)
- Macedonian: сродство n (srodstvo)
- Maori: whanaungatanga
- Middle English: kynrede
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: slekt m or f
- Persian: خویشاوندی (fa) (xišâvandi), خویشاوندان (fa) (xišâvandân)
- Plains Cree: wahkohtowin, ᐊᐧᐦᑯᐦᑐᐃᐧᐣ
- Polish: pokrewieństwo (pl) n
- Portuguese: parentesco (pt) m
- Romanian: înrudire (ro) f, rudenie (ro) f
- Russian: родство́ (ru) n (rodstvó)
- Scottish Gaelic: càirdeas m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: сро̀дство n
- Roman: sròdstvo (sh) n
- Slovak: príbuzenstvo n
- Slovene: sorodstvo n
- Spanish: parentesco (es) m
- Swedish: släkt (sv) c
- Tajik: хешовандӣ (xešovandī)
- Turkish: akrabalık (tr)
- Ukrainian: спорі́днення n (sporídnennja), спорі́дненість f (sporídnenistʹ)
- Welsh: ach f
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relation or connection by nature or character
