mkj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːkit/ → /ˈmiːkiʔ/ → /ˈmiːka/ → /ˈmiːkə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːkit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːkiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːka/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːkə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /mɛki/
  • Conventional anglicization: meki

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to protect

Inflection

Conjugation of mkj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: mk

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
mkt, mkj	mkw, mk	mkt, mkwt, mkyt	mk	mk, mky

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
mk8	ḥr mkt, ḥr mkj	m mkt, m mkj	r mkt, r mkj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	mk.n	mkw, mk, mky	consecutive	mk.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	mkt, mkyt
perfective3	mk	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	mk.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	mk, mky	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	mkw, mk, mky	mkw, mk, mky	potentialis1	mk.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	mk, mky	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	mk.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	mkw1, mky, mk	active + .tj1, .tw2	mk	mky, mk
imperfective	mk, mky, mkw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	mk, mkj6, mky6	mk, mkw5
prospective	mkw1, mky, mk, mktj7	—	mkwtj1 4, mktj4, mkt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

• mkt

Descendants

• Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲕⲓ (miki)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲕⲉ (mike)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 262.