sinä

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Finnish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsinæ/, [ˈs̠inæ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -inæ
  • Syllabification(key): si‧nä

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. See the Proto-Finnic entry for more information on inflection.

Pronoun

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sinä (stem sinu-)

  1. (personal) you (second-person singular personal pronoun, used in familiar or neutral contexts), thou
Usage notes
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  • Depending on the context, the pronoun can sometimes be omitted in written language if the text remains fluent – in spoken language, the pronoun is practically always used (compare the usage of te (you pl)).
  • As in many other European languages, the second person plural te is used in formal contexts or when addressing an unfamiliar elderly person (see teititellä). However, this custom is not anymore as usual as elsewhere in Europe in everyday life – there is from time to time discussion whether this custom is inconvenient in modern society. However, a safe way to start conversation with an unfamiliar person, especially with an elderly person, is saying te.
  • When addressing another person in writing, sinä is often capitalized (Sinä).
  • See this appendix for information on the dialectal variants of sinä.
Declension
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  • Irregular. The comitative and instructive forms do not exist; the abessive sinutta and teittä is hardly used.
  • In addition to the standard set of cases, sinä and the other personal pronouns have a specific accusative form, in this case sinut. This form would have been the nominative plural form of the first stem if the word were not a personal pronoun.
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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adjectives
verbs
compounds
Descendants
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  • Kven: sie

See also

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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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sinä

  1. (demonstrative) essive singular of se

Anagrams

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Livvi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. Cognates include Finnish sinä and Karelian sie.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sinä

  1. thou, you (singular)

Declension

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This entry needs an inflection-table template.

See also

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References

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  • N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect]‎[2] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 10
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 258

Veps

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä.

Pronoun

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sinä (genitive sinun, partitive sindai)

  1. you (singular)

Inflection

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Inflection of sinä
nominative sing. sinä
genitive sing. sinun
partitive sing. sindai
partitive plur. teid
singular plural
nominative sinä
accusative sinun
genitive sinun teiden
partitive sindai teid
essive-instructive
translative
inessive sinus teiš
elative sinuspäi teišpäi
illative sinuhu teihe
adessive sinai teil
ablative sinaipäi teilpäi
allative sinei teile
abessive sinuta teita
comitative sinunke teidenke
prolative
approximative I
approximative II
egressive
terminative I
terminative II
terminative III
additive I
additive II

References

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  • Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “ты”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[3], Petrozavodsk: Periodika