wurde

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See also: würde and Würde

German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Formed by analogy with the plural wurden, from Middle High German wurden (singular wart). The verbs of this class normally generalise the singular vowel; as in sterben etc. we should thus expect werden, ward, warden, geworden. These forms are attested, but the plural usually retained the u-form and this -u- tended to be generalised to the singular. A possible reason is the a-forms’ phonetic similarity to war, waren. The final -e in wurde is unetymological; it goes back to a development in Early Modern German where -e was added to strong past tenses (after the subjunctive and/or by hypercorrection; hence archaic sahe, fande for sah, fand). It may have survived here by analogy with the fellow auxiliary hatte.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvʊʁdə/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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wurde

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of werden

Usage notes

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  • Until the earlier 20th century, wurde was seen as a correct, but less formal byform of ward. The latter has since become archaic, however.

Old English

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈwur.de/, [ˈwurˠ.de]

Verb

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wurde

  1. inflection of weorþan:
    1. second-person subjunctive singular
    2. preterite subjunctive singular

West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian wertha.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvødə/, /ˈvørə/

Verb

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wurde

  1. to become
  2. to be (used to form the passive voice)
    Ik waard sjoen.
    I was seen.

Inflection

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Strong class 3
infinitive wurde
3rd singular past waard
past participle wurden
infinitive wurde
long infinitive wurden
gerund wurden n
auxiliary hawwe
indicative present tense past tense
1st singular wurd waard
2nd singular wurdst waardst
3rd singular wurdt waard
plural wurde waarden
imperative wurd
participles wurdend wurden

Further reading

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  • wurde (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011