γραμμή

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From γρᾰ́φω (gráphō).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡram.mɛ̌ː/ → /ɣramˈmi/ → /ɣraˈmi/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡram.mɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡramˈme̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣramˈmi/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣramˈmi/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣraˈmi/

Noun

γρᾰμμή • (grammḗ) f (genitive γρᾰμμῆς); first declension

1. a stroke or line of a pen
   1. (in forming letters) a line traced by a teacher
   2. an outline
2. (geometry) a line as in mathematical figures
   • 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 1:

     γραμμὴ δὲ μῆκος ἀπλατές.

     grammḕ dè mêkos aplatés.

     And a line [is] a breadthless length.

3. a line across the course, a starting- or winning-point
   1. used metaphorically of life
   2. a boundary-line, an edge
   3. the cutting edge of a knife
4. a line or square on a chequer-board
5. (law) the “long line”, i.e. a death sentence
6. (medicine) linea alba
   1. Synonym of ζέα
      • Hippiatr. 1

Declension

First declension of ἡ γρᾰμμή; τῆς γρᾰμμῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γρᾰμμή hē grammḗ	τὼ γρᾰμμᾱ́ tṑ grammā́	αἱ γρᾰμμαί hai grammaí
Genitive	τῆς γρᾰμμῆς tês grammês	τοῖν γρᾰμμαῖν toîn grammaîn	τῶν γρᾰμμῶν tôn grammôn
Dative	τῇ γρᾰμμῇ têi grammêi	τοῖν γρᾰμμαῖν toîn grammaîn	ταῖς γρᾰμμαῖς taîs grammaîs
Accusative	τὴν γρᾰμμήν tḕn grammḗn	τὼ γρᾰμμᾱ́ tṑ grammā́	τᾱ̀ς γρᾰμμᾱ́ς tā̀s grammā́s
Vocative	γρᾰμμή grammḗ	γρᾰμμᾱ́ grammā́	γρᾰμμαί grammaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (line across the course, starting- or winning-point): βαλβίς (balbís)
• (“long line”, death sentence): μακρά (makrá)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “outline”): σκιά (skiá)

Derived terms

• γρᾰμμαί (grammaí)
• γρᾰμμῐκός (grammikós)
• διὰ γραμμῆς παίζω (dià grammês paízō)
• τὸν ἀπὸ γραμμᾶς κινέω λίθον (tòn apò grammâs kinéō líthon)

Descendants

• Greek: γραμμή (grammí)

References

• “γραμμή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γραμμή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γραμμή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γραμμή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• γραμμή in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • goal idem, page 365.
  • line idem, page 492.

Greek

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek γρᾰμμή (grammḗ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣɾaˈmi/
• Hyphenation: γραμ‧μή

Noun

γραμμή • (grammí) f (plural γραμμές)

1. line

   γραμμή τερματισμού ― grammí termatismoú ― finishing line

2. row
3. policy, orders

Declension

Declension of γραμμή

	singular	plural
nominative	γραμμή •	γραμμές •
genitive	γραμμής •	γραμμών •
accusative	γραμμή •	γραμμές •
vocative	γραμμή •	γραμμές •

Adverb

γραμμή • (grammí)

1. straight, directly
2. successively, consecutively

Related terms

• γραμμικά (grammiká)
• γραμμικός (grammikós)
• γραμμούλα (grammoúla)
• γραμμωτός (grammotós)
• στην πρώτη γραμμή (stin próti grammí, “frontline”)
• σε γενικές γραμμές (se genikés grammés, “generally speaking”)