ζημία

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Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Sommer connected the word with ζῆλος (zêlos, fervour, zeal), ζητέω (zētéō, to inquire, search, investigate) and δίζημαι (dízēmai, to seek out, look for). This suggests a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-; for the semantics "zeal", "fine" compare Old English anda (envy, jealousy) with Old High German antōn (to punish). Connection with Sanskrit दीन (dīna, poor, miserable, wretched) and δειλός (deilós, cowardly) is quite uncertain.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ζημῐ́ᾱ (zēmíāf (genitive ζημῐ́ᾱς); first declension

  1. loss, damage
    Antonym: κέρδος (kérdos)
  2. penalty in money, fine
    Synonyms: θωή (thōḗ), ποινή (poinḗ)
  3. (in general) penalty
  4. expense, expenditure
  5. dead loss, bad bargain

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Latin: zāmia (through Doric)

Further reading

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