чи

See also: -чи and Appendix:Variations of "ci"

Avar

Noun

чи • (či)

1. man

See also

• гӏадан (ʻadan)
• инсан (insan)

Dungan

Etymology 1

Cognate of Mandarin Chinese 汽 (qì)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

Noun

чи • (či) (III)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Cognate of Mandarin Chinese 氣／气 (qì)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

Noun

чи • (či) (I)

1. gas

Erzya

Чись.

Alternative forms

• че (če)

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *kəči~*kičə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kečä (“circle, ring”). Cognates include Moksha ши (ši, “sun, day, weather”), Finnish kehä (“circle, ring”), Eastern Mari кече (keče, “sun, day”), Komi-Zyrian киш (kiš, “ring, halo”), archaic Hungarian kégy.

The *kəči > *či shift possibly influenced by *ve (“night”).

Noun

чи • (či)

1. (astronomy) sun

   Synonym: чипай (čipaj)

   чись пиди ― čiś piďi ― the sun is blazing

2. day

   тундонь чи ― tundoń či ― a spring day

   • 1821, Novum Testamentum Mordvinice litt. cyrill.‎^[1], page 138:

     Не чытнесте, лись Кесарьсто Августань кармавтомо тѣймексъ сю̂рмацтомо вясеме масторонь кялесъ.

     Ńe čitńesťe , ľiś Kesaŕsto Avgustań karmavtomo tѣjmeks śûrmactomo väśeme mastoroń käľes.

     In those days Caesar Augustus issued a decree that a census should be taken of the entire Roman world.

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “чи”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
• “päike”, in Eesti-ersa sõnaraamat‎^[2], Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, 2019
• Entry #275 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Kalmyk

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *ci.

Pronoun

чи • (çi)

1. you (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) (singular)

See also

Kalmyk personal pronouns

	1st person				2nd person					reflexive
	singular	plural inclusive	plural exclusive		singular	singular polite	plural	plural polite		regular	from бий (biy, “body”)
nominative	би (bi)	мадн (madn)	бидн (bidn)		чи (çi)	та (ta)	тадн (tadn)	таанр (taanr)		эврән (evrän), эврәннь (evrännʹ)	бийнь (biynʹ)
oblique	нам (nam)	ма (ma)	бид (bid)		чи (çi)	та (ta)	тадн (tadn)	таанр (taanr)		эврә (evrä)	бийнь (biynʹ)
genitive	мини (mini)	мана (mana)	биднә (bidnä)		чини (çini)	тана (tana)	тадна (tadna)	таанрин (taanrin)		эврә (evrä)	бийин (biyin)
dative	намд (namd), нанд (nand)	манд (mand)	биднд (bidnd)		чамд (çamd)	танд (tand)	таднд (tadnd)	таанрт (taanrt)		эврәд (evräd)	бийд (biyd)
accusative	намаг (namag), нама (nama), нәмәг (nämäg)	мадниг (madnig), маниг (manig)	бидниг (bidnig)		чамаг (çamag)	таниг (tanig)	тадниг (tadnig)	таанриг (taanrig)		эврәг (evräg)	бийинь (biyinʹ), бийән (biyän)
instrumental	намар (namar), нанар (nanar)	маднар (madnar), манар (manar)	биднәр (bidnär)		чамар (çamar)	танар (tanar)	таднар (tadnar)	таанрар (taanrar)		эврәһәр (evräğär)	бийәрн (biyärn)
comitative	намла (namla), нанла (nanla)	маднла (madnla), манла (manla)	биднлә (bidnlä)		чамла (çamla)	танла (tanla)	таднла (tadnla)	таанрла (taanrla)		эврәлә (evrälä)	бийлә (biylä)
associative	намта (namta), нанта (nanta)	маднта (madnta), манта (manta)	биднтә (bidntä)		чамта (çamta)	танта (tanta)	таднта (tadnta)	таанрта (taanrta)		эврәтә (evrätä)	бийтә (biytä)
ablative	намас (namas), нанас (nanas)	маднас (madnas), манас (manas)	биднәс (bidnäs)		чамас (çamas)	танас (tanas)	таднас (tadnas)	таанрас (taanras)		эврәһәс (evräğäs)	бийәсн (biyäsn)
directive	намур (namur), нанур (nanur)	маднур (madnur), манур (manur)	биднүр (bidnür)		чамур (çamur)	танур (tanur)	таднур (tadnur)	таанрур (taanrur)		эврәһүр (evräğür)	бийүрн (biyürn)

Mongolian

Etymology

From Classical Mongolian ᠴᠢ (či), from Middle Mongol ᠴᠢ (či), from Proto-Mongolic *ci. Cognate with Dongxiang chi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕʰi/
• Syllabification: чи (1 syllable)

Pronoun

чи • (či) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠢ (či))

1. (informal) you (subject pronoun: the person being addressed)

Declension

    Declension of чи

nominative	чи (či)
oblique	чам (čam)
possessive determiner	чиний (činii)
possessive pronoun	чинийх (činiix)
possessive particle	чинь (činʹ)
dative-locative	чамд (čamd)
accusative	чамайг (čamajg)
ablative	чамаас (čamaas)
instrumental	чамаар (čamaar)
comitative	чамтай (čamtaj)
directional	чам руу (čam ruu)

See also

Mongolian personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		би (bi)	бид (bid)
2nd person	familiar	чи (či)	та нар (ta nar), таануус (taanuus)
	polite	та (ta)
3rd person		тэр (ter)	(over there) тэд (ted), тэд нар (ted nar); (over here) эд (ed), эд нар (ed nar)

Nivkh

Etymology

Possibly akin to Mongolic *ci, compare Mongolian чи (či) and Tungusic *si, compare Nanai си (si).

Pronoun

чи (ț’i)

1. you, thou

Ossetian

Etymology

From Middle Persian kē.

Pronoun

чи • (ḱi)

1. who

Declension

Declension of чи singular plural nominative чи читæ genitive кæй кæйты dative кæмæн кæмæнты allative кæмæ кæмæты ablative кæмæй кæмæйты inessive кæм кæмыты adessive кæуыл кæуылты equative кæйау кæимæты comitative кæимæ чемæ

Tabasaran

Etymology

Akin to Udi хунчи (χunči).

Noun

чи • (či)

1. sister

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian чи (či), from Old East Slavic чи (či), from Proto-Slavic *či, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéy, initially instrumental singular of pronoun *kʷo-／*kʷe-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɪ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Particle

чи • (čy)

1. interrogative particle: introduces a question
2. if, whether

Conjunction

чи • (čy)

1. or

Synonyms

• або́ (abó)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “чи”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka