اشتد
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Arabic
[edit]Root |
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ش د د (š-d-d) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]اِشْتَدَّ • (ištadda) VIII, non-past يَشْتَدُّ (yaštaddu)
- to become more vehement, to aggravate, to grow in intensity or tightness
- a. 684, معن بن أوس [Maʿn Ibn Aws], فيا عجباً لمن ربيت طفلاً […]:
- أُعَلِّمُهُ ٱلرِّمَايَةَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ / فَلَمَّا ٱشْتَدَّ سَاعِدُهُ رَمَانِي.
- ʔuʕallimu-hū r-rimāyata kulla yawmin / fa-lammā štadda sāʕidu-hū ramā-nī.
- I teach him shooting every day; and when his arm was steady he shot me.
- 7th century CE, Musnad Abū Bakr as-Siddīq, 1:3:
- أَنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَتَلَقَّاهُ النَّاسُ فَخَرَجُوا فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَعَلَى الْأَجَاجِيرِ فَٱشْتَدَّ الْخَدَمُ وَٱلصِّبْيَانُ فِي ٱلطَّرِيقِ يَقُولُونَ ٱللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ جَاءَ رَسُولُ ٱللّٰهِ صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ مُحَمَّدٌ
- ʔanā maʕahū ḥattā qadimnā l-madīnata fatalaqqāhu n-nāsu faḵarajū fī ṭ-ṭarīqi waʕalā l-ʔajājīri faštadda al-ḵadamu waṣ-ṣibyānu fī ṭ-ṭarīqi yaqūlūna llāhu ʔakbaru jāʔa rasūlu llāhi ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wasallama jāʔa muḥammadun
- I was with him and we stepped upon Medina where he met upon people who went out onto the streets and onto the roofs and the servants and boys crowded the road saying “God is great, the Messenger of God (PBUH) has come, Muḥammad has come!”
- 1355, اِبْن بَطُّوطَة [ibn baṭṭūṭa, Ibn Baṭṭūṭa], edited by Charles Defrémery & Beniamino Sanguinetti, تُحْفَةُ ٱلنُّظَّارِ فِي غَرَائِبِ ٱلْأَمْصَارِ وَعَجَائِبِ ٱلْأَسْفَارِ [tuḥfatu n-nuẓẓāri fī ḡarāʔibi l-ʔamṣāri waʕajāʔibi l-ʔasfāri][1], volume IV, Paris: L'imprimerie impériale/nationale, published 1858, page 165, line 1 a fine:
- ثُمَّ اشْتَدَّتْ الرِيحُ فَخِفْنَا الْغَرَقَ
- ṯumma štaddat ar-rīḥu fa-ḵifnā l-ḡaraqa
- Then the wind became more severe and we feared to drown.
- 1850, محمد بن عمر التونسي [Muḥammad Ibn-ʿUmar at-Tūnisī ], edited by Humphrey Davies, تشحيذ الأذهان بسيرة بلاد العرب والسودان [In Darfur. An Account of the Sultanate and Its People] (Library of Arabic Literature; 15), volume 2, New York: NYU Press, published 2018, →ISBN, section 4.10, page 212:
- والتبلدي وهو شجر عظيم ضخم أجوف الجذع ينبت في الفيافي وأهل البادية إذا اشتدّ بهم العطش في غير وقت الأمطار يأتون إلى التبلدي فيجدون في تجويفه ماء مجتمّعًا من المطر فيشربون منه ويذهب أوامهم
- There is also the baobab, which is a vast, mighty tree with a hollow trunk that grows in the deserts. When desert dwellers near utter thirst in the dry season, they go to the baobab and find rainwater that has collected in its cavity.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of
اِشْتَدَّ
(form-VIII geminate)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ištidād | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muštadd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ištadadtu |
ištadadta |
اِشْتَدَّ ištadda |
ištadadtumā |
ištaddā |
ištadadnā |
ištadadtum |
ištaddū | |||
f | ištadadti |
ištaddat |
ištaddatā |
ištadadtunna |
ištadadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaštaddu |
taštaddu |
yaštaddu |
taštaddāni |
yaštaddāni |
naštaddu |
taštaddūna |
yaštaddūna | |||
f | taštaddīna |
taštaddu |
taštaddāni |
taštadidna |
yaštadidna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaštadda |
taštadda |
yaštadda |
taštaddā |
yaštaddā |
naštadda |
taštaddū |
yaštaddū | |||
f | taštaddī |
taštadda |
taštaddā |
taštadidna |
yaštadidna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaštadda or ʔaštaddi or ʔaštadid |
taštadda or taštaddi or taštadid |
yaštadda or yaštaddi or yaštadid |
taštaddā |
yaštaddā |
naštadda or naštaddi or naštadid |
taštaddū |
yaštaddū | |||
f | taštaddī |
taštadda or taštaddi or taštadid |
taštaddā |
taštadidna |
yaštadidna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ištadda or ištaddi or ištadid |
ištaddā |
ištaddū |
||||||||
f | ištaddī |
ištadidna |
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش د د
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-VIII verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs by conjugation
- Arabic geminate form-VIII verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic verbs lacking passive forms
- Arabic intransitive verbs