ओष्ठ

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Sanskrit

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwštʰas (lip), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (mouth). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬀(-𐬗𐬀) (aošta(-ca), upper lip), 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (aoštra, two lips), Proto-Slavic *ūstà (lip, mouth). See also आस् (ā́s, mouth).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

ओष्ठ (óṣṭha) stemm [1]

  1. lip (generally in dual)
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.39.6:
      ओष्ठाविव मध्वास्ने वदन्ता स्तनाविव पिप्यतं जीवसे नः।
      नासेव नस्तन्वो रक्षितारा कर्णाविव सुश्रुता भूतमस्मे॥
      oṣṭhāviva madhvāsne vadantā stanāviva pipyataṃ jīvase naḥ.
      nāseva nastanvo rakṣitārā karṇāviva suśrutā bhūtamasme.
      Even as two lips that with the mouth speak honey, even as two breasts that nourish our existence,
      Like the two nostrils that protect our being, be to us as our ears that hear distinctly.
  2. the forepart of an Agnikuṇḍa

Declension

[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of ओष्ठ (óṣṭha)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ओष्ठः
óṣṭhaḥ
ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹
óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹
ओष्ठाः / ओष्ठासः¹
óṣṭhāḥ / óṣṭhāsaḥ¹
Vocative ओष्ठ
óṣṭha
ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹
óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹
ओष्ठाः / ओष्ठासः¹
óṣṭhāḥ / óṣṭhāsaḥ¹
Accusative ओष्ठम्
óṣṭham
ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹
óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹
ओष्ठान्
óṣṭhān
Instrumental ओष्ठेन
óṣṭhena
ओष्ठाभ्याम्
óṣṭhābhyām
ओष्ठैः / ओष्ठेभिः¹
óṣṭhaiḥ / óṣṭhebhiḥ¹
Dative ओष्ठाय
óṣṭhāya
ओष्ठाभ्याम्
óṣṭhābhyām
ओष्ठेभ्यः
óṣṭhebhyaḥ
Ablative ओष्ठात्
óṣṭhāt
ओष्ठाभ्याम्
óṣṭhābhyām
ओष्ठेभ्यः
óṣṭhebhyaḥ
Genitive ओष्ठस्य
óṣṭhasya
ओष्ठयोः
óṣṭhayoḥ
ओष्ठानाम्
óṣṭhānām
Locative ओष्ठे
óṣṭhe
ओष्ठयोः
óṣṭhayoḥ
ओष्ठेषु
óṣṭheṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Descendants with initial h- are attributed to influence from अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha, lower lip) or a compound of similar nature prefixed by अधम (adhama, lower) (which may also explain nasalization). For Prakrit 𑀳𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (hŏṭṭha), 𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha), K. R. Norman suggested an early contraction of अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha) to *𑀅𑀥𑀑𑀱𑁆𑀞 (*adhaoṣṭha).[2]

Noun

[edit]
Coccinia grandis in fruit

ओष्ठ (oṣṭha) stemf

  1. (botany) Coccinia grandis (to whose red fruits lips are commonly compared)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Monier Williams (1899) “ओष्ठ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 236.
  2. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “oṣṭha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press