शफ

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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás (hoof), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós (hoof). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (safa, hoof), Old English hōf (whence English hoof).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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शफ (śaphá) stemm

  1. hoof
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.83.5:
      यस्य व्रते पृथिवी नन्नमीति यस्य व्रते शफवज्जर्भुरीति।
      यस्य व्रत ओषधीर्विश्वरूपाः स नः पर्जन्य महि शर्म यच्छ॥
      yasya vrate pṛthivī nannamīti yasya vrate śaphavajjarbhurīti.
      yasya vrata oṣadhīrviśvarūpāḥ sa naḥ parjanya mahi śarma yaccha.
      Thou at whose bidding earth bows low before thee, at whose command hoofed cattle quiver in terror
      At whose behest the plants assume all colours, even thou Parjanya, yield us great protection.
  2. claw
  3. a wooden implement shaped like a claw

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of शफ (śaphá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शफः
śapháḥ
शफौ / शफा¹
śaphaú / śaphā́¹
शफाः / शफासः¹
śaphā́ḥ / śaphā́saḥ¹
Vocative शफ
śápha
शफौ / शफा¹
śáphau / śáphā¹
शफाः / शफासः¹
śáphāḥ / śáphāsaḥ¹
Accusative शफम्
śaphám
शफौ / शफा¹
śaphaú / śaphā́¹
शफान्
śaphā́n
Instrumental शफेन
śaphéna
शफाभ्याम्
śaphā́bhyām
शफैः / शफेभिः¹
śaphaíḥ / śaphébhiḥ¹
Dative शफाय
śaphā́ya
शफाभ्याम्
śaphā́bhyām
शफेभ्यः
śaphébhyaḥ
Ablative शफात्
śaphā́t
शफाभ्याम्
śaphā́bhyām
शफेभ्यः
śaphébhyaḥ
Genitive शफस्य
śaphásya
शफयोः
śapháyoḥ
शफानाम्
śaphā́nām
Locative शफे
śaphé
शफयोः
śapháyoḥ
शफेषु
śaphéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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  • Pali: sapha