π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *wakanΔ…, from Proto-Indo-European *weΗ΅- (β€œlively, awake”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (wakan) (intransitive)

  1. to stay awake
    • 1 Thessalonians 5:6, 10:
      𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌿 𐌽𐌿 𐌽𐌹 πƒπŒ»πŒ΄π€πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° πƒπ…πŒ΄ 𐌸𐌰𐌹 πŒ°πŒ½πŒΈπŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΉ, 𐌰𐌺 π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π…πŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΉ πƒπŒΉπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°; […] πƒπŒ°πŒ΄πŒΉ πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ…πŒ°πŒ»π„ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚ πŒΏπŒ½πƒ, 𐌴𐌹, 𐌾𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌴 πƒπŒ»πŒ΄π€πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌴 π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°, πƒπŒ°πŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πŒ° 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰.
      ΓΎannu nu ni slΔ“paima swΔ“ ΓΎai anΓΎarai, ak wakaima jah warai sijaima; […] saei gaswalt faur uns, ei, jaΓΎΓΎΔ“ slΔ“paima jaΓΎΓΎΔ“ wakaima, samana miΓΎ imma libaima.
      Therefore let us not sleep, as do others; but let us watch and be sober. […] Who died for us, that, whether we wake or sleep, we should live together with him. (KJV)
  2. to watch, keep alert
    • 1 Corinthians 16:13:
      π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΏπŒ· 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹, π…πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΊπ‰ π„πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ, πŒ²πŒ°πŒΈπ…πŒ°πƒπ„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ πƒπŒΉπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ.
      wakaiþ standaiduh in galaubeinai, wairaleikō taujaiþ, gaþwastidai sijaiþ.
      Watch ye, stand fast in the faith, quit you like men, be strong. (KJV)
    • Ephesians 6:18:
      πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ· πŒ°πŒ»πŒ»π‰πƒ πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„π‚π‰πŒ½πŒΉπŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ³π‰πƒ πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„π‚π‰πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πƒπŒΉπŒ½π„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½π‰ πŒΏπƒπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ³π‰πŒΌ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌ 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ·πŒ°πŒΌ,
      ΓΎairh allōs aihtrōnins jah bidōs aihtrōndans in alla mΔ“la in ahmin jah du ΓΎamma wakandans sinteinō usdaudein jah bidōm fram allaim ΓΎaim weiham,
      Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints; (KJV)
    • Colossians 4:2:
      𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 πŒ·πŒ°π†π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ, π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐌽 πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ»πŒΉπŒΏπŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ;
      bidai haftjandans izwis, wakandans in izai in awiliudam;
      Continue in prayer, and watch in the same with thanksgiving; (KJV)
    Synonym: πŒ³πŒΏπ…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ (duwakan) (found in a variant reading of the passage from Ephesians)

Conjugation

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Class 6 strong
Infinitive π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½
wakan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°
waka
π…π‰πŒΊ
wōk
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
wakada
2nd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπƒ
wakis
π…π‰πŒΊπ„
wōkt
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
wakaza
3rd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
wakiΓΎ
π…π‰πŒΊ
wōk
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
wakada
1st dual π…πŒ°πŒΊπ‰πƒ
wakōs
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΏ
wōku
2nd dual π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
wakats
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπ„πƒ
wōkuts
1st plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ
wakam
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒΌ
wōkum
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
wakanda
2nd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
wakiΓΎ
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒΈ
wōkuþ
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
wakanda
3rd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
wakand
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΏπŒ½
wōkun
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
wakanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏ
wakau
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
wōkjau
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakaidau
2nd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
wakais
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
wōkeis
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
wakaizau
3rd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ
wakai
π…π‰πŒΊπŒΉ
wōki
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakaidau
1st dual π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
wakaiwa
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
wōkeiwa
2nd dual π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
wakaits
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
wōkeits
1st plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
wakaima
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
wōkeima
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakaindau
2nd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
wakaiΓΎ
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
wōkeiþ
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakaindau
3rd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
wakaina
π…π‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
wōkeina
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakaindau
Imperative
2nd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊ
wak
3rd singular π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakadau
2nd dual π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
wakats
2nd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒΉπŒΈ
wakiΓΎ
3rd plural π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
wakandau
Present Past
Participles π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
wakands
π…πŒ°πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
wakans

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 168