-ый

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɨj]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъjь, with spelling imported from Church Slavonic; compare stressed -о́й (-ój).

Alternative forms

• -о́й (-ój)

Suffix

-ый • (-yj) m

1. Masculine nominative singular adjective ending.
2. Masculine inanimate accusative singular adjective ending.

Declension

Declension of -ый (unknown short forms)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		-ый -yj	-ое -oje	-ая -aja	-ые -yje
genitive		-ого -ovo		-ой -oj	-ых -yx
dative		-ому -omu		-ой -oj	-ым -ym
accusative	animate	-ого -ovo	-ое -oje	-ую -uju	-ых -yx
	inanimate	-ый -yj			-ые -yje
instrumental		-ым -ym		-ой, -ою -oj, -oju	-ыми -ymi
prepositional		-ом -om		-ой -oj	-ых -yx

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъjь; see above.

Alternative forms

• -ий (-ij)

Suffix

-ый • (-yj)

1. -ed

   ‎одно- (odno-, “one”) + ‎глаз (glaz, “eye”) + ‎-ый (-yj) → ‎одногла́зый (odnoglázyj, “one-eyed”)

   ‎све́тлый (svétlyj, “light”) + ‎во́лос (vólos, “hair”) + ‎-ый (-yj) → ‎светловоло́сый (svetlovolósyj, “light-haired”)

   ‎без- (bez-, “without”) + ‎зуб (zub, “tooth”) + ‎-ый (-yj) → ‎беззу́бый (bezzúbyj, “toothless”, literally “no-toothed”)

Usage notes

• This suffix is used particularly with two-part compounds, where the second part normally refers to a body part.
• The stress is drawn onto the preceding syllable.
• These adjectives consistently have short forms of accent pattern a.
• The suffix has the variant -ий (-ij) used particularly after velars (к г х) due to Russian spelling rules.

Declension

Declension of -ый (short class a)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		-ый -yj	-ое -oje	-ая -aja	-ые -yje
genitive		-ого -ovo		-ой -oj	-ых -yx
dative		-ому -omu		-ой -oj	-ым -ym
accusative	animate	-ого -ovo	-ое -oje	-ую -uju	-ых -yx
	inanimate	-ый -yj			-ые -yje
instrumental		-ым -ym		-ой, -ою -oj, -oju	-ыми -ymi
prepositional		-ом -om		-ой -oj	-ых -yx
short form		-	-о -o	-а -a	-ы -y

Derived terms

Russian terms suffixed with -ый