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Armenian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Armenian (-i).

Suffix

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(-i)

  1. -able
    հասկանալhaskanalto understand
    հասկանալիhaskanaliunderstandable
    բուժելbuželto cure
    բուժելիbuželicurable
    ուղղելuġġelto correct
    ուղղելիuġġelicorrigible
  2. forming botanical names
    ծիրանիciraniapricot tree
  3. forming names of tools and utensils
    խնոցիxnocʻibutter churn
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • Galstyan, Galstyan (1978) Acancʻumə ew acancʻnerə žamanakakicʻ hayerenum [Affixation and affixes in modern Armenian]‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press, page 132

Etymology 2

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From Old Armenian (-i).

Suffix

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(-i)

  1. the singular and plural dative case ending of i-declension nouns
    ՀայաստանիHayastanidative singular case of Հայաստան (Hayastan)
    քաղաքիkʻaġakʻidative singular case of քաղաք (kʻaġakʻ)
    քաղաքներիkʻaġakʻneridative plural case of քաղաք (kʻaġakʻ)
See also
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Middle Armenian

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Etymology

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From Old Armenian (-i).

Suffix

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(-i)

  1. forming botanical names

Derived terms

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Old Armenian

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Etymology 1

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From the Proto-Indo-European *-yo- or *-yeh₂ suffix. Compare the same suffix in Sanskrit स्वप्न्य (svápnya), Ancient Greek δεξιός (dexiós), Latin somnium. The genitive ending (-i) may have the same origin.

Suffix

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(-i)

  1. forming adjectives
    աղsalt
    աղիałisalty
    բարքbarkʻdisposition, temper
    բարիbarikind, good
    սոսկալsoskalto be greatly afraid
    սոսկալիsoskalihorrible, terrible
  2. forming botanical names
    կաղինkałinacorn
    կաղնիkałnioak
  3. made of
    կտաւktawflax
    կտաւիktawilinen
  4. forming adverbs
Declension
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1=-
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Armenian: (-i)
  • Middle Armenian: (-i)

References

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  • Gočanean, Pōġos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʻerakanutʻiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian]‎[2] (in Armenian), Vienna and Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, page 84
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 66
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998) “”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʻneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʻ lezvi hamematakan kʻerakanutʻyan harcʻer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʻi, pages 5–48

Etymology 2

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The genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension is identical with the -ի- (-i-) stem vowel. In Godel's words, the remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form. According to Godel, in the case of the i-a-declension we are dealing with a Proto-Armenian morphological innovation: the new morpheme was abstracted from the genitive/dative/locative case ending (-i) of i-stem nouns and applied to a-stem nouns, whose original endings had been lost.

Suffix

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(-i)

  1. singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension words
    բանիbanigenitive/dative/locative singular of բան (ban)
  2. singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-a-declension words
    լեզուիlezuigenitive/dative/locative singular of լեզու (lezu)
    աշակերտիašakertigenitive/dative/locative singular of աշակերտ (ašakert)
Descendants
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  • Armenian: (-i)

References

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  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 104