Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *-kse.

Suffix

*-s

1. Forms nouns.

Inflection

Inflection of *-s

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*-s	*-ksët
accusative		*-ksën	*-ksët
genitive		*-ksën	*-stën *-ksidën
partitive		*-sta	*-ksita
inessive		*-ksëssa *-ksëhna	*-ksissa *-ksihna
elative		*-ksësta	*-ksista
illative		*-ksësën	*-ksisën
adessive		*-ksëlla	*-ksilla
ablative		*-ksëlta	*-ksilta
allative		*-ksëlën *-ksëlëk	*-ksilën *-ksilëk
essive		*-ssa	*-ksina
translative		*-ksëksi	*-ksiksi
instructive		*-ksën	*-ksin
comitative		*-ssëk	*-ksinëk
abessive		*-ksëtta	*-ksitta

Derived terms

Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-s (nominal, -kse-)

Descendants

• Finnish: -s
• Ingrian: -s

Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *-s.

Suffix

*-s

1. Forms nouns.

Inflection

Inflection of *-s

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*-s	*-hët
accusative		*-hën	*-hët
genitive		*-hën	*-stën *-hidën
partitive		*-sta	*-hita
inessive		*-hëssa *-hëhna	*-hissa *-hihna
elative		*-hësta	*-hista
illative		*-hësën	*-hisën
adessive		*-hëlla	*-hilla
ablative		*-hëlta	*-hilta
allative		*-hëlën *-hëlëk	*-hilën *-hilëk
essive		*-ssa	*-hina
translative		*-hëksi	*-hiksi
instructive		*-hën	*-hin
comitative		*-ssëk	*-hinëk
abessive		*-hëtta	*-hitta

Derived terms

Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-s (nominal, -h-)

Descendants

• Finnish: -as (with analogously re-extracted vowel)

Etymology 3

Either akin to the translative suffix *-ksi or alternatively from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s (lative suffix).

Suffix

*-s

1. Forms lative adverbs.

Derived terms

Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-s (adverbial)

Descendants

• Finnish: -s