Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dáḱru

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From earlier *dh₂éḱru, from the compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru (“eye bitter”).

Noun

*dáḱru

1. tear (in the eyes)

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*dáḱru
genitive	*dḱréws
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dáḱru	*dáḱr̥wih₁	*dáḱruh₂
vocative	*dáḱru	*dáḱr̥wih₁	*dáḱruh₂
accusative	*dáḱru	*dáḱr̥wih₁	*dáḱruh₂
genitive	*dḱréws	*?	*dḱréwoHom
ablative	*dḱréws	*?	*dḱrúmos
dative	*dḱréwey	*?	*dḱrúmos
locative	*dḱréw, *dḱréwi	*?	*dḱrúsu
instrumental	*dḱrúh₁	*?	*dḱrúmis

Synonyms

• *h₂éḱru

Descendants

• Proto-Anatolian:
  • Hittite: 𒅖𒄩𒄴𒊒 (išḫaḫru)
• Proto-Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: արտաւսր (artawsr, “tear”) (*draḱru-)
  • Old Armenian: արտասուք (artasukʻ, “tears”) (*draḱu-)
    • Armenian: արտասուք (artasukʻ), արցունք (arcʻunkʻ)
• Proto-Celtic: *dakrom
  • Proto-Brythonic: *dagr
    • Cornish: dagr
  • Old Irish: dér, dǽr
    • Middle Irish: dér f
      • Irish: deoir
      • Scottish Gaelic: deur
      • Manx: jeir
• Proto-Celtic: *dakrū (plural or collective) < *dáḱruh₂ pl
  • Proto-Brythonic: *dėgr
    • Middle Welsh: deigyr
      • Welsh: deigr (archaic)
        • ⇒ Welsh: deigryn
• Proto-Germanic: *tahrą (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: δάκρυ (dákru), δάκρυον (dákruon)
    • Greek: δάκρυ (dákry)
    • → English: dacryo-
• Proto-Italic:
  • Old Latin: dacruma, dacrima
    • Latin: lacruma, lacrima (see there for further descendants)