Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/běsiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Denominal causative from *běsъ (“rage, rabies”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*běsiti impf

1. (transitive) to enrage, to make angry
2. (reflexive) to get mad

Inflection

Conjugation of *běsiti, *běsi, *běsitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*běšenьje	*běsiti	*běsitъ	*běsilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*běšenъ	*běsimъ
Active	*běšь	*běsę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*běsixъ	*běsi	*běsi	*běšǫ	*běsiši	*běsitь
Dual	*běsixově	*běsista	*běsiste	*běsivě	*běsita	*běsite
Plural	*běsixomъ	*běsiste	*běsišę	*běsimъ	*běsite	*běsętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*běšaaxъ	*běšaaše	*běšaaše	—	*běsi	*běsi
Dual	*běšaaxově	*běšaašeta	*běšaašete	*běsivě	*běsita	—
Plural	*běšaaxomъ	*běšaašete	*běšaaxǫ	*běsimъ	*běsite	—

Notes:
• (*)*běsivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *běsьnъ (“angry, enraged, berserk”)
• *běsěti (“to have rabies”)
• *běsovati (“to do crazy things”)
• *běsьněti (“to run amok”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: беси́ть (besítʹ)
  • Ukrainian: біси́тися (bisýtysja)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: бѣсити (běsiti)
  • Bulgarian: беся́ се (besjá se, “to be mad”) (rare)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: вбеся̀вам (vbesjàvam, “to enrage”)
  • Serbo-Croatian: бе́сити се (rare)
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: biesić (archaic)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*běsiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 88
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бяс, бешение”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 109