cáel
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Old Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”), from Proto-Indo-European *koyHlo- (Latvian kails (“bare, naked”)).[1] Compare Cornish and Welsh cul.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]cáel (equative caílithir)
Inflection
[edit]o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | cáel | cáel | cáel |
Vocative | caíl* cáel** | ||
Accusative | cáel | caíl | |
Genitive | caíl | caíle | caíl |
Dative | cáel | caíl | cáel |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | caíl | cáela | |
Vocative | cáelu cáela† | ||
Accusative | cáelu cáela† | ||
Genitive | cáel | ||
Dative | cáelaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Irish: caol
- Manx: keyl
- Scottish Gaelic: caol
- → English: kyle
- ⇒ Middle Irish: cáelach
- ⇒ Middle Irish: *cáelas
Noun
[edit]cáel m
Inflection
[edit]Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | cáel | cáelL | caílL |
Vocative | caíl | cáelL | cáeluH |
Accusative | cáelN | cáelL | cáeluH |
Genitive | caílL | cáel | cáelN |
Dative | cáelL | cáelaib | cáelaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
[edit]Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
cáel | cháel | cáel pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “koylo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cáel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish masculine nouns
- Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns