caste
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Portuguese or Spanish casta (“lineage, breed, race”), of uncertain origin. The OED derives it from Portuguese casto (“chaste”), from Latin castus. Coromines (1987) argues instead for a hypothetical Gothic form *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), cognate with English cast, from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ǵ-es-.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käst, IPA(key): /kɑːst/
- (Northern England, Scotland) IPA(key): /kast/
- (General American) IPA(key): /kæst/
Audio (US) (file) - Homophones: cast, karst (in some non-rhotic accents)
- Rhymes: -ɑːst
Noun[edit]
caste (plural castes)
- Any of the hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies.
- 2017 April 6, Samira Shackle, “On the frontline with Karachi’s ambulance drivers”, in the Guardian[1]:
- Pakistan is a conservative, religious state. The Edhi Foundation is unusual in its ignoring of caste, creed, religion and sect. This strict stance has led to some criticism from religious groups.
- A separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other.
- 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 89:
- It was an evidence of the peculiar nature of caste in country towns[.]
- 1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 5, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 236:
- 'I believe, Messieurs, in loyalty - to one's friends and one's family and one's caste.'
- 1911, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Bunyan, John”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[2]:
- The tinkers then formed a hereditary caste.
- (zoology) A class of polymorphous eusocial insects of a particular size and function within a colony.
Derived terms[edit]
- casteism
- casteist
- casteless
- castelike
- caste mark
- castemate
- castewise
- caste-ridden
- half-caste
- lose caste
- quarter-caste
Translations[edit]
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Anagrams[edit]
Dutch[edit]
Verb[edit]
caste
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Portuguese casta, if of Germanic origin, possibly from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ǵ-es- (“to throw”), similar to English cast. Or, alternatively from a derivative of Latin castus.
Noun[edit]
caste f (plural castes)
Further reading[edit]
- “caste”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Probably from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), compare English cast.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
caste f (plural castes)
- species, race or kind
- 1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 29:
- Por aquí nacen os ricos polo outro probes labregos. Estas son as dúas castes que hai en todo o mundo inteiro.
- Here the rich people are born, there the poor peasants; these are the two races that there are in the whole world
- quality
- 1859, Ramón Barros Silvelo, Un dia de desfertuna, page 3:
- Dime logo que o probe do animal ou é de mala caste, ou ben non come
- He readily told me that the animal [that I was selling] either was of bad quality, or either it didn't eat
- progeny; group of people that share a common ancestor
- 1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 8:
- { soy llamado Pedro Luces ... } - To to to, vamos con tento que un home con ese nome pode ser caste do demo.
- {I am called Peter Lights...} —Wo wo wo! Let us be careful: a man with that name could de a Devil's child.
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “caste” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “caste” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “caste” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “casta”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Italian[edit]
Adjective[edit]
caste
Noun[edit]
caste f
Anagrams[edit]
Latin[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.teː/, [ˈkäs̠t̪eː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäst̪e]
Adverb[edit]
castē (comparative castius, superlative castissimē)
Etymology 2[edit]
Inflected form of castus.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäs̠t̪ɛ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäst̪e]
Adjective[edit]
caste
References[edit]
- “caste”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “caste”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- caste in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- English terms borrowed from Portuguese
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