pakkanen

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See also: Pakkanen

Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *pakkainën. Related to Estonian pakane, Ingrian pakkain, Karelian pakkaine, Veps pakaine and Votic pakkain.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑkːɑnen/, [ˈpɑ̝kːɑ̝ne̞n]
  • Rhymes: -ɑkːɑnen
  • Syllabification(key): pak‧ka‧nen

Noun

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Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

pakkanen

  1. frost, sub-zero temperature of ambient air
    On kymmenen astetta pakkasta.
    The temperature is ten degrees below zero.
    Pakkanen kiristyy.
    It's getting colder. / The frost is getting worse.
    Talvella 1985–86 oli Suomessa kovat pakkaset.
    The winter of 1985–86 was very cold in Finland.
  2. (colloquial) in the red (in adessive case)
    Yhtiön tulos on vahvasti pakkasella.
    The company is heavily in the red.
  3. (colloquial, with locative cases) freezer
    Pistä se pakkaseen.
    Put it in the freezer.

Declension

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Inflection of pakkanen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation)
nominative pakkanen pakkaset
genitive pakkasen pakkasten
pakkasien
partitive pakkasta pakkasia
illative pakkaseen pakkasiin
singular plural
nominative pakkanen pakkaset
accusative nom. pakkanen pakkaset
gen. pakkasen
genitive pakkasen pakkasten
pakkasien
partitive pakkasta pakkasia
inessive pakkasessa pakkasissa
elative pakkasesta pakkasista
illative pakkaseen pakkasiin
adessive pakkasella pakkasilla
ablative pakkaselta pakkasilta
allative pakkaselle pakkasille
essive pakkasena pakkasina
translative pakkaseksi pakkasiksi
abessive pakkasetta pakkasitta
instructive pakkasin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of pakkanen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pakkaseni pakkaseni
accusative nom. pakkaseni pakkaseni
gen. pakkaseni
genitive pakkaseni pakkasteni
pakkasieni
partitive pakkastani pakkasiani
inessive pakkasessani pakkasissani
elative pakkasestani pakkasistani
illative pakkaseeni pakkasiini
adessive pakkasellani pakkasillani
ablative pakkaseltani pakkasiltani
allative pakkaselleni pakkasilleni
essive pakkasenani pakkasinani
translative pakkasekseni pakkasikseni
abessive pakkasettani pakkasittani
instructive
comitative pakkasineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pakkasesi pakkasesi
accusative nom. pakkasesi pakkasesi
gen. pakkasesi
genitive pakkasesi pakkastesi
pakkasiesi
partitive pakkastasi pakkasiasi
inessive pakkasessasi pakkasissasi
elative pakkasestasi pakkasistasi
illative pakkaseesi pakkasiisi
adessive pakkasellasi pakkasillasi
ablative pakkaseltasi pakkasiltasi
allative pakkasellesi pakkasillesi
essive pakkasenasi pakkasinasi
translative pakkaseksesi pakkasiksesi
abessive pakkasettasi pakkasittasi
instructive
comitative pakkasinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pakkasemme pakkasemme
accusative nom. pakkasemme pakkasemme
gen. pakkasemme
genitive pakkasemme pakkastemme
pakkasiemme
partitive pakkastamme pakkasiamme
inessive pakkasessamme pakkasissamme
elative pakkasestamme pakkasistamme
illative pakkaseemme pakkasiimme
adessive pakkasellamme pakkasillamme
ablative pakkaseltamme pakkasiltamme
allative pakkasellemme pakkasillemme
essive pakkasenamme pakkasinamme
translative pakkaseksemme pakkasiksemme
abessive pakkasettamme pakkasittamme
instructive
comitative pakkasinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pakkasenne pakkasenne
accusative nom. pakkasenne pakkasenne
gen. pakkasenne
genitive pakkasenne pakkastenne
pakkasienne
partitive pakkastanne pakkasianne
inessive pakkasessanne pakkasissanne
elative pakkasestanne pakkasistanne
illative pakkaseenne pakkasiinne
adessive pakkasellanne pakkasillanne
ablative pakkaseltanne pakkasiltanne
allative pakkasellenne pakkasillenne
essive pakkasenanne pakkasinanne
translative pakkaseksenne pakkasiksenne
abessive pakkasettanne pakkasittanne
instructive
comitative pakkasinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative pakkasensa pakkasensa
accusative nom. pakkasensa pakkasensa
gen. pakkasensa
genitive pakkasensa pakkastensa
pakkasiensa
partitive pakkastaan
pakkastansa
pakkasiaan
pakkasiansa
inessive pakkasessaan
pakkasessansa
pakkasissaan
pakkasissansa
elative pakkasestaan
pakkasestansa
pakkasistaan
pakkasistansa
illative pakkaseensa pakkasiinsa
adessive pakkasellaan
pakkasellansa
pakkasillaan
pakkasillansa
ablative pakkaseltaan
pakkaseltansa
pakkasiltaan
pakkasiltansa
allative pakkaselleen
pakkasellensa
pakkasilleen
pakkasillensa
essive pakkasenaan
pakkasenansa
pakkasinaan
pakkasinansa
translative pakkasekseen
pakkaseksensa
pakkasikseen
pakkasiksensa
abessive pakkasettaan
pakkasettansa
pakkasittaan
pakkasittansa
instructive
comitative pakkasineen
pakkasinensa

Derived terms

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compounds

Further reading

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