起毛

Chinese

Etymology 1

		to rise; to raise; to get up	hair; fur; one tenth of a yuan or dollar
trad. (起毛)		起	毛
simp. #(起毛)		起	毛

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qǐmáo

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄇㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hei² mou⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-mn̂g

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qǐmáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄇㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cǐmáo
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi³-mao²
    • Yale: chǐ-máu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiimau
    • Palladius: цимао (cimao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 起毛 起錨／起锚

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hei² mou⁴
    • Yale: héi mòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hei² mou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: héi² mou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯³⁵ mou̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Tainan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-mn̂g
    • Tâi-lô: khí-mn̂g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qymngg
    • IPA (Tainan): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mŋ̍²⁴/

Verb

起毛

1. (of woollen cloth) to pill; fluff
2. (dialectal Mandarin) to feel nervous; to be scared; to be flustered; to be disconcerted

   • 他們一忙，隔壁那家古玩舖的掌櫃的有點起毛。 [MSC, trad.]
     他们一忙，隔壁那家古玩铺的掌柜的有点起毛。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1935, 老舍 (Lao She), 《二馬》

     Tāmen yī máng, gébì nà jiā gǔwánpù de zhǎngguì de yǒudiǎn qǐmáo. [Pinyin]

     Every time they get busy, the shopkeeper of that antique shop next door gets a little flustered.

   • 現在，她就要走了，就在走的一刻，米籽心裡卻有點起毛，因為此刻的心情與她原先想像的有一點不同，她原以為憧憬了三年的流浪生涯一日邁步便將如「壯士一去不復返」般的慷慨，可真的將夢想兌換成現實的最後關頭，卻發現自己仍在作種種掙扎。 [MSC, trad.]
     现在，她就要走了，就在走的一刻，米籽心里却有点起毛，因为此刻的心情与她原先想像的有一点不同，她原以为憧憬了三年的流浪生涯一日迈步便将如「壮士一去不复返」般的慷慨，可真的将梦想兑换成现实的最后关头，却发现自己仍在作种种挣扎。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2004, 殷健灵, 《游不走的鱼》, page 61

     Xiànzài, tā jiù yào zǒu le, jiù zài zǒu de yīkè, Mǐzǐ xīnlǐ què yǒudiǎn qǐmáo, yīnwèi cǐkè de xīnqíng yǔ tā yuánxiān xiǎngxiàng de yǒu yīdiǎn bùtóng, tā yuán yǐwèi chōngjǐng le sān nián de liúlàng shēngyá yīrì màibù biàn jiāng rú “zhuàngshì yī qù bù fùfǎn” bān de kāngkǎi, kě zhēnde jiāng mèngxiǎng duìhuàn chéng xiànshí de zuìhòu guāntóu, què fāxiàn zìjǐ réng zài zuò zhǒngzhǒng zhèngzhá. [Pinyin]

     Now, she was about to leave. Right at the moment when she was leaving, Mizi got a little flustered in her heart because how she felt at this moment was different from how she originally imagined it. She had thought that once she stepped into the vagrant life she had been longing for for three years, she would have a big heart as "a warrior that goes without returning", but at the last critical point before her dream is exchanged for reality, she realized that she was still dealing with all sorts of struggles.

   • 過了些日子，那幾個受過高等教育的年輕人知道了強的底細，心裡就起毛說，就憑我們的學歷，怎能窩在他手下？ [MSC, trad.]
     过了些日子，那几个受过高等教育的年轻人知道了强的底细，心里就起毛说，就凭我们的学历，怎能窝在他手下？ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2011, 赵子俊, 感动外商的打工仔, in 《生活品味的哲理美文》 (edited by 竭宝峰)

     Guò le xiē rìzi, nà jǐge shòu guò gāoděng jiàoyù de niánqīngrén zhīdào le Qiáng de dǐxì, xīnlǐ jiù qǐmáo shuō, jiù píng wǒmen de xuélì, zěn néng wō zài tā shǒuxià? [Pinyin]

     After a few days, those few youngsters who had received higher education learned of Qiang's background, so they felt disconcerted and said, "On the basis of our educational background, how could we stay under him?"

3. (Yangzhou Mandarin) to lose one's temper

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 發脾氣 (“to lose one's temper”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		發脾氣, 發橫, 發火, 發作, 鬧脾氣, 使性子, 耍脾氣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	犯葛
	Harbin	發毛殃, 跳老虎神, 耍驢, 耍磨磨丟, 耍狗駝子
	Singapore	發脾氣
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	犯肝氣, 放肝氣, 犯勁, 犯態度, 犯性
	Jinan	發火, 發脾氣, 發火兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	發氣, 發火兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	毷, 氉, 躁
	Xi'an	發脾氣, 耍脾氣, 使性子
	Xining	耍脾氣
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	發火, 冒火, 發氣, 發毛
	Wuhan	發脾氣, 發火
	Guiyang	發火, 發毛
	Kunming	鬼火綠
	Liuzhou	發脾氣, 發氣
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	來火, 惱火
	Yangzhou	動火, 起毛
	Nantong	動火, 發毛, 發絿, 發躁
Cantonese	Guangzhou	使脾氣, 發脾氣, 使頸, 發狼戾
	Hong Kong	發脾氣, 發老脾, 發脾四, 發爛渣, 發狼戾
	Dongguan	火屎, 使頸
Gan	Nanchang	發脾氣, 發朱砂
	Lichuan	發火
Hakka	Meixian	發火, 發作, 發狠, 發性
	Xingning	發性
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	發態度
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	發性
	Wuping	發切
	Liancheng	發豬癲
	Ninghua	發性
	Ruijin	發氣, 發性
	Shicheng	發脾氣
	Shangyou (Shexi)	發性子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	發火, 發作
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	發火, 發作
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	發火, 發作
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	發火, 發作
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	發火, 發作
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	發火, 發作
Huizhou	Jixi	發火
Jin	Taiyuan	發毛
	Xinzhou	發毛, 毛
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	起花光
Southern Min	Xiamen	使性, 使癖, 使性地, 使體, 使乃, 使橫, 使色水, 發性, 發性地, 發臉, 發癀, 癀發, 起猌神, 起性, 起性地, 起否面, 起雄
	Quanzhou	使性, 使性地, 侍體, 使橫, 發性地, 發臉, 癀發, 訛神, 起性, 起性地, 起雄
	Zhangzhou	使性, 使癖, 使性地, 使體, 發火癀, 發性, 發性地, 癀發, 起猌神, 起性, 起性地
	Kaohsiung	使性地
	Yilan	發脾氣
	Changhua (Lukang)	使性地
	Taichung	起性地
	Taichung (Wuqi)	發脾氣
	Tainan	發性地
	Taitung	使性地
	Hsinchu	發性地
	Penghu (Magong)	起性地
	Singapore (Hokkien)	發脾氣
	Manila (Hokkien)	起性地, 發性地, 燒熱
	Shantou	浮性
	Leizhou	發火
	Haikou	發火, 發性, 發惱, 氣火, 火性著, 性著, 火著
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	發嬲, 火起
Wu	Shanghai	光火, 發脾氣, 發毛, 發格, 發火, 發飆
	Suzhou	光火
	Danyang	發態度, 發火, 發脾氣
	Hangzhou	發火
	Ningbo	光火
	Wenzhou	發脾氣
	Jinhua	發火, 火
Xiang	Changsha	發氣, 發脾氣, 發火, 發老毛
	Loudi	發脾氣, 發火

Etymology 2

		phonetic
trad. (起毛)		起	毛
simp. #(起毛)		起	毛
alternative forms		起摸 氣毛／气毛

Borrowed from Japanese 気持(きも)ち (kimochi).

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-mo͘

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-mo͘
    • Tâi-lô: khí-moo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qymof
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃⁴⁴/

Noun

起毛

1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) emotion; mood

Synonyms

• 起毛摺／起毛折 (khi-mó͘-chih)

Derived terms

• 起毛婸／起毛𰋸 (khí-mo͘ giang)
• 起毛䆀 (khí-mo͘ bái)

 

References

• “Entry #6713”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• “Entry #31066”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
起	毛
き Grade: 3	もう Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きもー [kìmóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kʲimo̞ː]

Noun

起(き)毛(もう) • (kimō) ^{←きもう (kimou)?}

1. (textiles) raising (of fiber)

Verb

起(き)毛(もう)する • (kimō suru) ^{←きもう (kimou)?}suru (stem 起(き)毛(もう)し (kimō shi), past 起(き)毛(もう)した (kimō shita))

1. (textiles, of fiber) to raise

Conjugation

Conjugation of "起毛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	起毛し	きもうし	kimō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	起毛し	きもうし	kimō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	起毛する	きもうする	kimō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	起毛する	きもうする	kimō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	起毛すれ	きもうすれ	kimō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	起毛せよ¹ 起毛しろ²	きもうせよ¹ きもうしろ²	kimō seyo¹ kimō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	起毛される	きもうされる	kimō sareru
Causative	起毛させる 起毛さす	きもうさせる きもうさす	kimō saseru kimō sasu
Potential	起毛できる	きもうできる	kimō dekiru
Volitional	起毛しよう	きもうしよう	kimō shiyō
Negative	起毛しない	きもうしない	kimō shinai
Negative continuative	起毛せず	きもうせず	kimō sezu
Formal	起毛します	きもうします	kimō shimasu
Perfective	起毛した	きもうした	kimō shita
Conjunctive	起毛して	きもうして	kimō shite
Hypothetical conditional	起毛すれば	きもうすれば	kimō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative