urgeo

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *worɣēō, from Proto-Indo-European *w(o)rǵʰ-eye-, from *werǵʰ- (bind, squeeze) (compare German würgen (to strangle), Lithuanian ver̃žti (to string, tighten, constrict), Russian отверга́ть (otvergátʹ, to reject), Polish otwierać (to open), English worry, wring, wreak, wreck.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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urgeō (present infinitive urgēre, perfect active ursī); second conjugation, no supine stem

  1. to press, push, force, drive, urge, stimulate
    Synonyms: stimulō, īnstīgō, īnstinguō, exciō, irrītō, sollicitō, concieō, excitō, concitō, impellō, īnflammō, cieō, incendō, moveō, mōlior, adhortor, ērigō
    Antonyms: domō, lēniō, sōpiō, sēdō, dēlēniō, restinguō, plācō, coerceō, mītigō, commītigō, ēlevō, levō, allevō, alleviō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.858:
      Mārsque citōs iūnctīs curribus urget equōs
      and Mars, with chariots harnessed, drives swift horses
      (Translations of Ovid's Fasti, by H.T. Riley, James G. Frazer, and Anne and Peter Wiseman, all give Mars one harnessed or yoked chariot in the singular; however, ‘‘iunctis curribus’’ is plural. The plural seems appropriate if the poet’s meaning is understood to be that of Mars menacing with an army of charioteers. Ovid’s verse is an imaginative segue as he closes his book on February and introduces the month of March, named in honor of the war god.)
  2. to weigh down, burden, oppress
    Synonyms: opprimō, sepeliō, supprimō, premō
  3. to crowd, hem in, confine
    Synonyms: inclūdō, claudō, coerceō, arceō, minuō

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of urgeō (second conjugation, no supine stem)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present urgeō urgēs urget urgēmus urgētis urgent
imperfect urgēbam urgēbās urgēbat urgēbāmus urgēbātis urgēbant
future urgēbō urgēbis urgēbit urgēbimus urgēbitis urgēbunt
perfect ursī ursistī ursit ursimus ursistis ursērunt,
ursēre
pluperfect urseram urserās urserat urserāmus urserātis urserant
future perfect urserō urseris urserit urserimus urseritis urserint
passive present urgeor urgēris,
urgēre
urgētur urgēmur urgēminī urgentur
imperfect urgēbar urgēbāris,
urgēbāre
urgēbātur urgēbāmur urgēbāminī urgēbantur
future urgēbor urgēberis,
urgēbere
urgēbitur urgēbimur urgēbiminī urgēbuntur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present urgeam urgeās urgeat urgeāmus urgeātis urgeant
imperfect urgērem urgērēs urgēret urgērēmus urgērētis urgērent
perfect urserim urserīs urserit urserīmus urserītis urserint
pluperfect ursissem ursissēs ursisset ursissēmus ursissētis ursissent
passive present urgear urgeāris,
urgeāre
urgeātur urgeāmur urgeāminī urgeantur
imperfect urgērer urgērēris,
urgērēre
urgērētur urgērēmur urgērēminī urgērentur
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present urgē urgēte
future urgētō urgētō urgētōte urgentō
passive present urgēre urgēminī
future urgētor urgētor urgentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives urgēre ursisse urgērī
participles urgēns urgendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
urgendī urgendō urgendum urgendō

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Catalan: urgir
  • English: urge
  • French: urger (through urgent)
  • Galician: urxir
  • German: urgieren
  • Italian: urgere
  • Portuguese: urgir
  • Spanish: urgir

References

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  • urgeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • urgeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
    • to persist in an argument, press a point: argumentum premere (not urgere)
    • to be pressed on all sides: undique premi, urgeri (B. G. 2. 26)
  • urge”, in The Century Dictionary [], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.