竹
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: ケ
|
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
[edit]竹 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹 (H), four-corner 88220, composition ⿰亇亇)
- Kangxi radical #118, ⽵.
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 877, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25841
- Dae Jaweon: page 1305, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2947, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7AF9
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
竹 |
---|
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 竹 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Transcribed ancient scripts File:ACC-L37532.svg L37532 File:ACC-L37533.svg L37533 File:ACC-L25445.svg L25445 File:ACC-L25446.svg L25446 File:ACC-L25447.svg L25447 File:ACC-L25448.svg L25448 File:ACC-L25449.svg L25449 | |||||||
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Pictogram (象形) – two bamboo stalks, with leaves. Earlier forms resembled 个 + 个, current form resembles rather ケ + ケ.
Etymology
[edit]Compare Proto-Tai *b.twuːkᴰ (“bamboo strip for tying or weaving”), whence Thai ตอก (dtɔ̀ɔk, “bamboo strip”).
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zu2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zuh6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zueh4
- Northern Min (KCR): dṳ̆
- Eastern Min (BUC): dé̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7tsoq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
- Wade–Giles: chu2
- Yale: jú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
- Palladius: чжу (čžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zuk1
- Yale: jūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: zug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zuuk2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zuh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
- Hakka Romanization System: zug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: zug5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zueh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /ty²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /tøyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- tek/tiak - vernacular;
- tiok - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 竹 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ /t͡su²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡su⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /p͡fu²¹/ | |
Xining | /ʈ͡ʂv̩⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /p͡fu¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡səu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡su³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡su²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂuʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂuəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡suʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡soʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡soʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕɤu²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡suʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕiu⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂəu²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂəɯ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡suʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡suk̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tʃuk̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sok̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡suk̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡suk̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tiɔk̚³²/ /tik̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tøyʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ty²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /tek̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sok̚⁵/ /ʔdiɔk̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: trjuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*truk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/
Definitions
[edit]竹
- (~亞科) bamboo (Classifier: 枝; 棵 m; 根 m; 轆/辘 c)
- 竹子 ― zhúzi ― bamboo
- (music) musical instrument made of bamboo
- a surname: Zhu
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 修竹 (xiūzhú)
- 兔毫竹管
- 功垂竹帛
- 勢如劈竹/势如劈竹
- 勢如破竹/势如破竹 (shìrúpòzhú)
- 南竹 (nánzhú)
- 名垂竹帛
- 合竹
- 吹竹
- 品竹彈絲/品竹弹丝
- 品竹調弦/品竹调弦
- 品竹調絲/品竹调丝
- 哀絲豪竹/哀丝豪竹
- 哭竹
- 哭竹棒
- 囫圇竹/囫囵竹
- 垂名竹帛
- 報竹平安/报竹平安
- 大竹 (Dàzhú)
- 大麻竹
- 夾竹桃/夹竹桃
- 孟宗竹 (mèngzōngzhú)
- 孤竹
- 孤竹君
- 孫竹/孙竹
- 平安竹報/平安竹报
- 彈絲品竹/弹丝品竹
- 急竹繁絲/急竹繁丝
- 慈竹
- 成竹在胸
- 打竹舞
- 抖空竹 (dǒu kōngzhú)
- 扶竹
- 批頭竹片/批头竹片
- 放爆竹
- 敲竹槓/敲竹杠 (qiāo zhúgàng)
- 文竹
- 斑竹 (bānzhú)
- 斑竹壋/斑竹垱 (Bānzhúdàng)
- 新竹 (Xīnzhú)
- 東南竹箭/东南竹箭
- 松竹
- 桃竹
- 桂竹 (guìzhú)
- 桂竹香
- 棲梧食竹/栖梧食竹
- 武昌剩竹
- 歹竹出好筍/歹竹出好笋 (dǎi zhú chū hǎo sǔn)
- 毛竹 (máozhú)
- 江南竹
- 泥塞竹管
- 淡竹 (dànzhú)
- 淚竹/泪竹
- 湘妃竹 (xiāngfēizhú)
- 湘江竹
- 湘竹 (xiāngzhú)
- 炮竹 (pàozhú)
- 炮竹紅/炮竹红
- 烏竹/乌竹
- 爆竹 (bàozhú)
- 班竹 (Bānzhú)
- 石竹 (shízhú)
- 破竹
- 破竹之勢/破竹之势
- 破竹建瓴
- 碧竹
- 空竹 (kōngzhú)
- 竹刀 (zhúdāo)
- 竹刑
- 竹刻
- 竹北 (Zhúběi)
- 竹南 (Zhúnán)
- 竹取物語/竹取物语 (Zhúqǔ Wùyǔ)
- 竹器
- 竹圍/竹围 (Zhúwéi)
- 竹園/竹园 (zhúyuán)
- 竹地雷
- 竹坪 (Zhúpíng)
- 竹報平安/竹报平安 (zhúbàopíng'ān)
- 竹塘 (Zhútáng)
- 竹塹/竹堑 (Zhúqiàn)
- 竹夫人 (zhúfūrén)
- 竹夾膝/竹夹膝
- 竹姬
- 竹子 (zhúzi)
- 竹字頭/竹字头 (zhúzìtóu)
- 竹孫/竹孙
- 竹山 (Zhúshān)
- 竹崎 (Zhúqí)
- 竹嶼/竹屿 (Zhúyǔ)
- 竹工
- 竹布
- 竹帛
- 竹床
- 竹影
- 竹扇
- 竹批兒/竹批儿
- 竹排 (zhúpái)
- 竹書/竹书 (zhúshū)
- 竹書紀年/竹书纪年 (Zhúshū Jìnián)
- 竹材 (zhúcái)
- 竹杖成龍/竹杖成龙
- 竹東/竹东 (Zhúdōng)
- 竹林 (zhúlín)
- 竹板 (zhúbǎn)
- 竹林七賢/竹林七贤 (Zhúlín Qīxián)
- 竹林之游
- 竹板書/竹板书
- 竹林橋/竹林桥 (Zhúlínqiáo)
- 竹板歌
- 竹枝詞/竹枝词
- 竹棑 (tek-pâi)
- 竹槓/竹杠 (zhúgàng)
- 竹樓/竹楼
- 竹溪/竹谿 (zhúxī)
- 竹溪六逸
- 竹琴
- 竹田 (Zhútián)
- 竹竿 (zhúgān)
- 竹竿兒/竹竿儿 (zhúgānr)
- 竹竿舞
- 竹笠 (zhúlì)
- 竹笛
- 竹筏 (zhúfá)
- 竹筍/竹笋 (zhúsǔn)
- 竹筒 (zhútǒng)
- 竹筒倒豆子
- 竹筒飯/竹筒饭 (zhútǒngfàn)
- 竹節/竹节 (zhújié)
- 竹節書/竹节书
- 竹節蓼/竹节蓼
- 竹節蟲/竹节虫 (zhújiéchóng)
- 竹節鞭/竹节鞭
- 竹筴魚/竹策鱼 (zhújiáyú)
- 竹管開花/竹管开花
- 竹篦
- 竹簍/竹篓 (zhúlǒu)
- 竹篾 (zhúmiè)
- 竹簡/竹简 (zhújiǎn)
- 竹簡文/竹简文
- 竹簾/竹帘
- 竹籃/竹篮 (zhúlán)
- 竹籃打水一場空/竹篮打水一场空
- 竹籠/竹笼
- 竹籬/竹篱
- 竹籬茅舍/竹篱茅舍
- 竹紙/竹纸
- 竹素
- 竹素園/竹素园
- 竹編/竹编
- 竹肉
- 竹芋
- 竹苞松茂 (zhúbāosōngmào)
- 竹茹 (zhúrú)
- 竹萌
- 竹葉/竹叶 (zhúyè)
- 竹葉青/竹叶青 (zhúyèqīng)
- 竹葉鰱/竹叶鲢 (zhúyèlián)
- 竹蓆/竹席 (zhúxí)
- 竹蜻蛉
- 竹蜻蜓
- 竹賢/竹贤 (Zhúxián)
- 竹輿/竹舆
- 竹里真 (Zhúlǐzhēn)
- 竹陀螺
- 竹雕
- 竹雞/竹鸡 (zhújī)
- 竹頭木屑/竹头木屑
- 竹馬/竹马 (zhúmǎ)
- 竹馬之友/竹马之友
- 竹馬之好/竹马之好
- 竹馬兒/竹马儿
- 竹黃/竹黄
- 篁竹
- 箭竹 (jiànzhú)
- 篛竹/箬竹
- 篣竹
- 紫竹 (zǐzhú)
- 絲竹/丝竹 (sīzhú)
- 絲竹樂/丝竹乐
- 絲竹管絃/丝竹管弦
- 綠竹/绿竹
- 綠竹筍/绿竹笋
- 罄竹難書/罄竹难书 (qìngzhúnánshū)
- 義竹/义竹 (Yìzhú)
- 翠竹
- 胸有成竹 (xiōngyǒuchéngzhú)
- 腐竹 (fǔzhú)
- 茂林修竹 (màolínxiūzhú)
- 茂林深竹
- 苦竹 (kǔzhú)
- 萊公竹/莱公竹
- 蘆竹/芦竹 (lúzhú)
- 蘄竹/蕲竹
- 觀音棕竹/观音棕竹
- 觀音竹/观音竹 (guānyīnzhú)
- 調絃品竹/调弦品竹
- 調絲品竹/调丝品竹
- 跑竹馬/跑竹马
- 路竹 (Lùzhú)
- 道袍竹冠
- 金石絲竹/金石丝竹 (jīnshísīzhú)
- 銀竹/银竹
- 雙竹/双竹 (Shuāngzhú)
- 青梅竹馬/青梅竹马 (qīngméizhúmǎ)
- 青竹絲/青竹丝
- 鳳凰竹/凤凰竹
- 麻竹 (mázhú)
- 麻竹筍/麻竹笋
- 黃竹/黄竹 (huángzhú)
- 黃竹山/黄竹山 (Huángzhúshān)
- 墨竹
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]竹
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
- Tō-on: しつ (shitsu)
- Kun: たけ (take, 竹, Jōyō)
- Nanori: たか (taka)
Compounds
[edit]- 竹冠 (takekanmuri)
- 竹簡 (chikukan)
- 竹林 (chikurin)
- 寒忌竹 (kankichiku)
- 黒竹 (kurochiku)
- 糸竹 (shichiku)
- 竹刀 (shinai)
- 松竹梅 (shōchikubai): An arrangement of pine (松 (matsu)), bamboo (竹 (take)), and plum blossom (梅 (ume))
- 石竹 (sekichiku)
- 葮竹, 暖竹 (danchiku)
- 淡竹 (hachiku) henon bamboo, a form of Phyllostachys nigra (black bamboo)
- 破竹 (hachiku)
- 爆竹 (bakuchiku)
- 鳳凰竹 (hōōchiku)
- 蓬莱竹 (hōraichiku)
- 孟宗竹 (mōsōchiku) moso bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens
- 緑竹 (ryokuchiku): lush green bamboo
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
竹 |
たけ Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *takai.
Theories on derivation include:[1][2]
- From 長生 (takeou) or 高生 (takahae), in reference to the speed at which bamboo grows.
- Cognate with 高 (taka), 長 (take), 丈 (take) "height".
- From 高景 (takakake) or つらこえ (tsurakoe).
- From ta meaning "tall" (高い (takai)) + ke, ancient form of 木 (ki, “tree”).
- A contraction of 痛快茎延へ (itakukihae), referring to the speed at which bamboo grows.
- Ta is from Korean 대 (dae, “bamboo”) (see also 대나무 (daenamu, “bamboo”, literally “bamboo tree”)), while ke is an ancient form of 木 (ki).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- bamboo
- 『竹取物語』
- “Taketori Monogatari”
- The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter
- 『竹取物語』
- the middle of a 3-tier ranking system
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “タケ”, in 日本大百科全書:ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
- ^ “竹”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 竹 (MC trjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 듁〮 (tyúk) (Yale: tyuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]竹 (eumhun 대나무 죽 (daenamu juk))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- (Sino-Vietnamese) bamboo
- any bamboo species of phyllostachys
Compounds
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Duplicated CJKV characters
- Han pictograms
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Leizhou Min lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Leizhou Min nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Sichuanese proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Leizhou Min proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese nouns classified by 枝
- Chinese nouns classified by 棵
- Chinese nouns classified by 根
- Chinese nouns classified by 轆/辘
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- zh:Musical instruments
- Chinese surnames
- zh:Bamboos
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 1 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ちく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ちく
- Japanese kanji with tōon reading しつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たけ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たか
- Japanese terms spelled with 竹 read as たけ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 竹
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Bamboos
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean Han characters
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- CJKV radicals